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station this is houston are you ready

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we are ready for the event

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john f kennedy presidential library this

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is houston please call the international

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station this is tom putnam at the john f

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kennedy presidential library how do you

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we've got you loud and clear here on the

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international space station how do you

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we hear you fine and sonny you spoke

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here once before we're so happy to have

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well it's great to be back with you guys

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you're in a beautiful location a place i

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call home

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but this is also my second home so i

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can't say the the view is bad from up

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and joe we welcome you to the kennedy

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library thank you so much for

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it's my pleasure and i'm happy to be

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with you all today and welcome aboard

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so we'll go to question number one

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okay uh suny

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from needham mass the home of athletes

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and astronauts

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were you aware growing up in

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massachusetts

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that it was president kennedy who set

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the goal for this country to be the

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first to land on the moon

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absolutely and it wasn't just because of

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the accent i think his speech in houston

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which is a anniversary is coming up in

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september

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laid the pathway for us to put people on

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the moon pretty ambitious goal pretty

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amazing that we were able to do it and

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we've done it successfully a number of

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times after that and that was all

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because of jfk's speech and his

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inspiration to the country so um we are

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now in you know stepping on to the next

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path and hopefully uh human beings will

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be following in curiosity's tracks

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before too long

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but jfk definitely was the the person

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thank you

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joe

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when you're up in the space station how

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do you know when it's daytime versus

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night time and how do you know when to

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that's a great question if we didn't

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have any windows on the space station we

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wouldn't know if it was day or night

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so it takes us about an hour and a half

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to go around the earth

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and so we'll have about 45 minutes of

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daylight and then 45 minutes of night

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and we have a schedule that shows us

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when it's dark and when it's light

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outside and of course we do have some

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windows so we can look outside and see

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when that happens

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and we follow a schedule and we're on

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what's called gmt time which is the time

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in london england

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and so we go to bed at around 9 30 gmt

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time so we go to bed around 9 30 and get

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thank you

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suny why can't you take your dog gorby

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well i really wish i could i miss him

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like crazy and i miss him probably

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because

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he represents those cool things on earth

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that you don't have up here like wind in

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your face

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and walking on the beach because that's

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what i usually do with him

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so as a replacement i go to the cupola

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and look outside and see a lot of

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beautiful places plus sunrise and

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sunsets 16 times a day like joe was

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talking about

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and a friend of mine

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made me a little stuffed garby so i have

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him up here to hang out with me so

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that's sort of good enough for now until

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good morning joe

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what's the most amazing and the unique

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thing

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you've seen out the window while in

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good morning to you um

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it's really pretty cool looking out the

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window we have the cupola which gives us

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a fantastic view of the earth so a

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couple of things that i've seen that

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really impressed me

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it's been when we've had these visiting

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vehicles the dragon and htv it's pretty

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neat to see a vehicle that we have made

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come up to the international space

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station but then naturally just about a

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month ago before sunny and aki arrived

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the southern lights the auroras were

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just

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in full bloom we had some solar activity

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a few days previous and it was just an

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incredible light show and i tried to

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take some pictures but they just don't

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capture what i really saw it was

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sunny when you go on the spacewalk on

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august 30th to replace one of the

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electrical units how long will it take

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and is it easy to fix or is it

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that's a good question because yeah

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every time you go what we call outside

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it is a little nerve-racking

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we have a suit sort of the similar size

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to robonaut that you see in front of us

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right here that aki and i will be

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wearing to go replace this unit aki will

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actually be doing most of the work i'm

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just unbolting part of it and he's going

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to fly it with the be in the in the on

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the robotic arm which joe is actually

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going to fly to move the big piece which

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is actually also about as big as

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robonaut the box from one part of the

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space station sort of like a tool belt

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on the space station to where that box

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needs to be changed out

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so i'll be sort of running around we

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call it a spacewalk but actually you

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sort of use your hands hand over hand on

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handrails outside i'll be doing that uh

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doing running some elect other

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electrical cables and then helping aki

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out so just to get back to your question

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yeah it is a little nerve-wracking when

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you're out there because um

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miyanaki will rely on each other if

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something happens to one of us the other

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guy has to save the other guy and bring

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them back into the airlock and get us

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back in safely the emu the space suit is

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essentially its own little spacecraft so

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all of the pieces and parts of it have

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have to work also and so we've checked

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it out to make sure it's it's working

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well before we go out but you never know

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what's going to happen so it's a little

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nerve nerve-wracking it'll take the

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whole spacewalk will probably take about

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six hours

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so it's going to be a long day for us

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we eat a good breakfast before we go and

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thank you both god bless you

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this is for joe

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how does your eating change in space

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compared to earth and do you need fewer

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that's a great question and just a few

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minutes ago we were taking some mass

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measurements to see

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how our up here we have to measure mass

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because we're in microgravity but we

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want to see how our weight has changed

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since we've been up here and for me

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personally it's been interesting because

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i've noticed that i've started to eat

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more after being here for about two

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months so it took my body maybe a little

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bit longer than other people to get used

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to being in this environment

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you know i'm not sure if we need more or

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less calories as we calculate our

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calories we use the amount that we need

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on earth um even though we're not

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walking all the time we are working out

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at least a couple of hours every day so

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that does take quite a few calories so

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your your eating habits do change a

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little bit but after a while the body

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does adjust and i think i'm right now

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about back to normal but i do look

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forward to getting home and having a

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i'm from

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norwalk connecticut west rock middle

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school and this one's for sunny

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can you explain exercises that you do on

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yeah like joe was talking about we work

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out probably about two hours a day we've

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got a a couple different exercise pieces

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of equipment that help you know our

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cardiovascular as well as our strength

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and conditioning so we have a bicycle

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right here which is right in front of

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robonaut um maybe you can see it it

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doesn't have a seat you don't need to

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sit down up here in space all you do is

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click your pedals in your feet and the

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pedals and and start to ride

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we also have a treadmill which to run in

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space you have to have a harness on

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which is sort of connected by bungees to

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hold you down on the treadmill and then

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thirdly we have an resistive exercise

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device which is based on

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using vacuum to create a load and it's

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just like you're lifting in a gym with a

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bar to do squats and deadlifts and all

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of that is required because we lose we

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obviously start losing muscle mass and

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bone mass as soon as we get up here

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because we don't have to fight against

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gravity so with those three exercises

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we're able to exercise or those p three

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pieces of equipment we're able to

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exercise our cardiovascular system and

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then work on our bone density and our

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for both of you and

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oh let's see if we can do that

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i got stuck

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joe

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we do a lot of flips for fun because we

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can so that's pretty cool

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floating in space you never get tired of

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that every morning when i wake up and i

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float out of my little sleep station i'm

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pretty excited about doing that

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but again looking out the window is a

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view like you can't get anywhere else so

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looking out the window is something else

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that i really enjoy doing and when i get

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back home i won't have that so i'm

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enjoying every moment of it uh we're

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also able to uh watch some movies a

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little tv

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so a lot of things that you do at home

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we can do up here we just do it in a

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for sunny has the iss been hit by any

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debris and how do you monitor and repair

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yeah as a matter of fact i was a little

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surprised we've been hit by a couple

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more things than i had imagined and i

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just found that out just recently

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just when we were preparing for our

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space walk one of the things they sent

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us up are photos detailed photos of all

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over the space station

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where the space station has been hit by

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little micro meteorites and it's pretty

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interesting they're going really fast

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and so when they hit the space station

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part of the metal it makes like a little

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crater as though you know like just like

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we have craters on earth like if a

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meteorite hit the earth it makes a

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little crater and it has little rigid

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edges on the side and that's what we

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have to be worried about when we're

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doing a spacewalk so we don't cut our

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gloves on some of these little craters

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so it's been hit quite a few times but

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they've all been pretty little

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if we got hit by something big that

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actually penetrated the space station

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then we'd have to do an emergency

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procedure and then maybe do a repair

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from the inside to prevent anything bad

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from happening

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but the little ones are okay the big

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ones we avoid because the ground and a

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lot of people on earth track the big

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stuff outside and make sure the space

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station is not going to get hit by

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yo how do you do your laundry

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yeah sunny smelling me i'm not sure how

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i smell but one of the many we have a

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lot of great things about being up here

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but one of the nice things is i don't

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have to do laundry we don't do laundry

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um

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so we'll wear our clothes for uh you

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know a few days depending on which

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piece of clothing i think i've had these

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pants on for maybe a month and a half

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now but uh when we feel like they're

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dirty we just go ahead and we throw them

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away so we don't have to do laundry and

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why did you

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well for me it was a little bit of

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happenstance um you know i was a

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helicopter pilot before i became an

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astronaut uh you know i thought all the

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people who are astronauts are

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really smart and you know way you know

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too clever for me

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but i went to test pilot school and when

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i was there we had the opportunity to

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come go down to johnson space center

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it's the first time i ever met an

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astronaut and i met a guy by the name of

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john young and he talked about landing

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vertically on the moon and it sounded a

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whole lot like helicopter flying so i

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thought wow you know maybe i have the

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same type of skills that these people

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have and so i started looking at uh the

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application process and what i had to do

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and then i went and got my masters and

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then that's how i became an astronaut

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but before that i never even imagined it

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so

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my one advice to all you guys out there

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if you're thinking about this and

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thinking about you know flying on a a

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rocket to you know up to the station or

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over to mars

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you your dreams can come true just

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do the best that you can at what you

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like and somehow it seems to all line up

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and it fall into place and you'll become

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joe what do you have to do to become an

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that's a that's a tough question and

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like sunny said

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astronauts come from all different

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backgrounds she was a helicopter pilot

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my background's in geology and i was

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actually a school teacher before i was

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selected to become an astronaut so like

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sunny said do what you really enjoy

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doing

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and then you'll excel at it and you'll

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do a great job but all of us do have a

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background in the sciences technology

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engineering or mathematics so that is a

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requirement that you have to have but

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after you have that those basic uh those

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basic understandings then after that do

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whatever you want to do and we're a very

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a diverse group and that's what makes

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the astronaut core special is that we

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have these different backgrounds and we

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all work together so do what you like to

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do but you do got to study hard in

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just questions for sunny

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you've sort of answered this already but

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did your military career help you

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prepare for the astronaut program

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and what advice would you give someone

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interested in becoming an astronaut and

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i know you did some deep-sea

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adventures and whether that helps with

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yeah i would absolutely say for sure

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like joe said we have people who are you

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know

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teachers military pilots doctors

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veterinarians engineers biochemists

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physicists in the office so we've got a

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really big background we're definitely

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not all military there's a there is a

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group of military people and i think um

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from having responsibility at a at a

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pretty young age flying a helicopter and

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being a helicopter commander at like 24

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years old gives you a little bit of an

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idea of some of the responsibilities you

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have when you come live and work on a

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space station or a part of a a crew on a

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soyuz or a space shuttle or whatever the

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next vehicle is going to be

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there is a lot of responsibility you you

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learn about

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how to handle stress also

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you're put in some situations that you

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haven't planned for

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but you have a lot of training in your

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background and you know how to handle it

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so i think from my military background a

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lot of that came through as well as uh

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teamwork leadership and followership you

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know we're we're a team up here it's

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there's six of us on the station but

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there's also you know hundreds and

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actually thousands of people on the

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ground all over the world that we work

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with and you have to realize that you're

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part of a team

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everything that gets done up here is is

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not just because of our individual

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efforts it's because of everybody the

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planning and the group that puts it all

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together and so you have to recognize

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that and understand that and understand

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what the other team members are are

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dealing with and i think all of that

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came from my military background

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just specifically from the diver part of

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it also it's really parallel to doing a

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space walk you know when i was doing a

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little deep sea diving for a while and

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the suits are the same you go into an

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environment that's not really uh

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hospitable to human life and but you get

403
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used to it and you understand

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where the dangers are and you know how

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to take the risks the calculator risks

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that you need to take to get the the

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jobs done so

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if anybody's interested in going into

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the military i would highly recommend it

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because it gives you really

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a good background on a whole bunch of

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different things joe also was in the

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military for a while too and uh i think

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um it it is just a great way

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to learn a lot of vocational skills

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technical skills leadership followership

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um joe

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what do you do if someone gets really

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yeah we uh we go through a lot of

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training in houston on some of the basic

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medical

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ways to treat people and if we do have

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any accidents what we can do up here and

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one thing we're very fortunate like

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sonny said we're part of a big team so

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somebody were to get sick we have flight

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00:18:41,110 --> 00:18:38,880
surgeons

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00:18:43,590 --> 00:18:41,120
on the ground that can help us

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00:18:45,270 --> 00:18:43,600
we do have medication up here that we

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00:18:47,110 --> 00:18:45,280
can take we have all the equipment we

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00:18:48,950 --> 00:18:47,120
need if someone were to get a cut or

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00:18:50,789 --> 00:18:48,960
something were to happen so we're very

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00:18:51,909 --> 00:18:50,799
well trained we have a lot of support on

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the ground

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and if anything really really bad

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00:18:56,950 --> 00:18:55,280
happened we do have our soyuz vehicle

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00:19:03,190 --> 00:18:56,960
here and we could get back to earth

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00:19:12,150 --> 00:19:06,230
station this is houston acr thank you

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00:19:12,160 --> 00:19:18,150
thank you that was fun